Roman Numeral Converter

Type a number or a Roman numeral and the other field fills in. Below that, turn a date into Roman numerals for an engraving, a tattoo or a title page.

Runs in your browser. Nothing you enter is sent to a server. Sources: Britannica Updated October 16, 2026

Number (1 to 3999)

Roman numeral

2026 = M (1000) + M (1000) + X (10) + X (10) + V (5) + I (1)

Date to Roman numerals

Date

Order

Separator

The date in Roman numerals

X.XII.MMXXVI

October 12, 2026: month 10 = X, day 12 = XII, year 2026 = MMXXVI

Roman numeral date to a date

Roman numeral date, in the order chosen above

The seven Roman numeral symbols

Symbol	I	V	X	L	C	D	M
Value	1	5	10	50	100	500	1000

How to convert numbers to Roman numerals and back

Symbols are written from the largest value to the smallest and added up. I, X, C and M may be repeated up to three times; V, L and D are never repeated. Where four of the same symbol would be needed, one smaller symbol is placed before the next larger one and subtracted: IV, IX, XL, XC, CD, CM.

To convert a number, the tool takes the largest value in this list that still fits, writes its symbol, subtracts it, and repeats until nothing is left:

1000 M · 900 CM · 500 D · 400 CD · 100 C · 90 XC · 50 L · 40 XL · 10 X · 9 IX · 5 V · 4 IV · 1 I

To read a numeral, it goes through the symbols from left to right. A symbol that is smaller than the one after it is subtracted, every other symbol is added. The numeral must be in standard form: IIII, VX and IL are rejected with an explanation instead of being guessed at.

2026 in Roman numerals built step by step by the Roman numeral converter: M 1,000, M 1,000, X 10, X 10, V 5 and I 1, leaving 1,026, 26, 16, 6, 1 and 0, so 2026 is MMXXVI. — Each step takes the largest value that still fits: 1000 + 1000 + 10 + 10 + 5 + 1 = 2026.

How to convert 2449 to Roman numerals

2449: the largest value that fits is 1000, twice. Write MM, 449 left.
449: 400 fits. Write CD, 49 left.
49: 40 fits. Write XL, 9 left.
9 is in the list. Write IX, nothing left.
Result: MMCDXLIX. Reading it back: 1000 + 1000 + (500 − 100) + (50 − 10) + (10 − 1) = 2449.

How to write a date in Roman numerals

March 15, 2024 has the parts 3, 15 and 2024. They convert to III, XV and MMXXIV.

Month, day, year: III.XV.MMXXIV
Day, month, year: XV.III.MMXXIV
Year, month, day with dashes: MMXXIV-III-XV

The two-digit day and month can be read either way round. IV.XII.MMXX is December 4 in day-month order and April 12 in month-day order. The tool checks that the date exists: February 30 or month 13 gives an error.

Dates printed on packaging as digit codes, such as 24035 for 4 February 2024, are a different system; the expiration date code converter reads them. Letters that stand for numbers in a puzzle are usually the A1Z26 code of the letters to numbers converter, where A is 1 and Z is 26.

Roman numeral chart: 1 to 3999

Number	Roman	Number	Roman	Number	Roman
1	I	13	XIII	400	CD
2	II	14	XIV	500	D
3	III	15	XV	900	CM
4	IV	16	XVI	1000	M
5	V	19	XIX	1900	MCM
6	VI	20	XX	1999	MCMXCIX
7	VII	30	XXX	2000	MM
8	VIII	40	XL	2024	MMXXIV
9	IX	50	L	2025	MMXXV
10	X	60	LX	2026	MMXXVI
11	XI	90	XC	2027	MMXXVII
12	XII	100	C	3999	MMMCMXCIX

Numbers above 3999 and fractions are outside standard notation, so the chart stops there. More converters for numbers, colors and codes are under everyday tools.

Roman Numeral Converter: FAQ

How do I write 2026 in Roman numerals?

2026 is MMXXVI: MM is 2000, XX is 20 and VI is 6. The years around it are MMXXV (2025) and MMXXVII (2027).

Why does the converter stop at 3999?

The seven standard symbols end at M, 1000, and a symbol may be repeated at most three times. The largest number that can be written this way is MMMCMXCIX, 3999. Larger numbers need a bar over a symbol to multiply it by 1000, which plain text cannot show.

Is there a Roman numeral for zero?

No. The system has no symbol for zero and no place values, which is why the converter starts at 1.

Why is 4 written IV and not IIII?

Standard notation writes 4 and 9 by subtraction: a smaller symbol in front of a larger one is taken away. IV is 5 − 1 and IX is 10 − 1. The form IIII is still seen on some clock faces, but it is not the standard form, and this converter rejects it.

How do I write a date in Roman numerals for a tattoo?

Convert the month, the day and the year separately and join them with dots, dashes or slashes. March 15, 2024 is III.XV.MMXXIV in month-day-year order and XV.III.MMXXIV in day-month-year order. Decide which order your readers expect before you have it tattooed or engraved. Date to Roman numerals on this page converts a date in any of the three orders, and Roman numeral date to a date reads one back as a check.

Which pairs may be subtracted?

Only six: IV (4), IX (9), XL (40), XC (90), CD (400) and CM (900). I goes before V and X, X before L and C, C before D and M. Forms such as IL for 49 or IC for 99 are not standard; 49 is XLIX and 99 is XCIX.

Sources

Encyclopaedia Britannica: Roman numeral — symbols and the subtractive rule